Prof Martin Knight

Martin Knight
BEng, MSc, PhD

Professor of Mechanobiology, Dean for Research
Co-Director of the Centre for Predictive in vitro Models

School of Engineering and Materials Science
Queen Mary University of London
+44 (0)20 7882 8868
www.sems.qmul.ac.uk/m.m.knight
ORCID Google Scholar LinkedIn

Research

organ-on-a-chip, arthritis, cancer, mechanobiology, cartilage, inflammation

Underpinning Bioengineering, Cancer Models, Cardiovascular Models, Infectious Disease and Inflammation Models, Musculoskeletal Models

Interests

Prof Martin Knight is a bioengineer developing and using organ-on-a-chip technology to study human health and disease and to streamline the drug development pipeline. Much of his work examines role of mechanobiology and how this can be incorporated into in vitro models to more accurately predict in vivo behaviour. This includes work on osteoarthritis, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, cancer and kidney disease. He has secured over £12M of recent research funding, primarily in the area of organ-on-a-chip, including £7M funding for an EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Next Generation Organ-on-a-chip technology. Prof Knight is the co-Director of the Queen Mary Centre for Predictive in vitro Models, and co-directed the UK Organ-on-a-chip Technologies Network. He is active in helping to shape policy around the implementation of organ-chip technology, working with industry and other key stake holders including UK Government.

Publications

Publications of specific relevance to Predictive in vitro Models

2024

Liu Y, Okesola BO, de la Peña DO, Li W, Lin M, Trabulo S, Tatari M, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Wang W, Knight M, Loessner D, Heeschen C, Mata A and Pearce OMT (2024). A Self‐Assembled 3D Model Demonstrates How Stiffness Educates Tumor Cell Phenotypes and Therapy Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. Wiley  Advanced Healthcare Materials  vol. 13, (17) 10.1002/adhm.202301941

2023

Verbruggen SW, Nolan J, Duffy MP, Pearce OMT, Jacobs CR and Knight MM (2023). A Novel Primary Cilium‐Mediated Mechanism Through which Osteocytes Regulate Metastatic Behavior of Both Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells. Wiley  Advanced Science  vol. 11, (2) 2305842-2305842. 10.1002/advs.202305842
Thompson CL, Hopkins T, Bevan C, Screen HRC, Wright KT and Knight MM (2023). Human vascularised synovium-on-a-chip: a mechanically stimulated, microfluidic model to investigate synovial inflammation and monocyte recruitment. Iop Publishing  Biomedical Materials  vol. 18, (6) 10.1088/1748-605x/acf976
Nolan J, Pearce OMT, Screen HRC, Knight MM and Verbruggen SW (2023). Organ-on-a-Chip and Microfluidic Platforms for Oncology in the UK. Mdpi  Cancers  vol. 15, (3) 10.3390/cancers15030635

2022

Meng H, Thompson CL, Coveney CR, Wann AK and Knight MM (2022). Techniques for Visualization and Quantification of Primary Cilia in Chondrocytes. Cartilage Tissue Engineering  Springer Nature  10.1007/978-1-0716-2839-3_12
Meng H, Fu S, Ferreira MB, Hou Y, Pearce OM, Gavara N and Knight MM (2022). YAP activation inhibits inflammatory signalling and cartilage breakdown associated with reduced primary cilia expression. Elsevier  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  vol. 31, (5) 600-612. 10.1016/j.joca.2022.11.001
Hayward M-K, Allen MD, Gomm JJ, Goulding I, Thompson CL, Knight MM, Marshall JF and Jones JL (2022). Mechanostimulation of breast myoepithelial cells induces functional changes associated with DCIS progression to invasion. Springer Nature  Npj Breast Cancer  vol. 8, (1) 10.1038/s41523-022-00464-4
Badar W, Ali H, Brooker ON, Newham E, Snow T, Terrill NJ, Tozzi G, Fratzl P, Knight MM and Gupta HS (2022). Collagen pre-strain discontinuity at the bone—Cartilage interface. Public Library of Science (Plos)  Plos One  vol. 17, (9) 10.1371/journal.pone.0273832
Heywood HK, Gardner L, Knight MM and Lee DA (2022). Oscillations of the circadian clock protein, BMAL-1, align to daily cycles of mechanical stimuli: a novel means to integrate biological time within predictive in vitro model systems. Springer Nature  In Vitro Models  1-8. 10.1007/s44164-022-00032-x

2021

Inamdar SR, Prévost S, Terrill NJ, Knight MM and Gupta HS (2021). Reversible changes in the 3D collagen fibril architecture during cyclic loading of healthy and degraded cartilage. Elsevier  Acta Biomaterialia  vol. 136, 314-326. 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.037
Verbruggen SW, Thompson CL, Duffy MP, Lunetto S, Nolan J, Pearce OMT, Jacobs CR and Knight MM (2021). Mechanical Stimulation Modulates Osteocyte Regulation of Cancer Cell Phenotype. Mdpi  Cancers  vol. 13, (12) 10.3390/cancers13122906
Malacrida B, Nichols S, Maniati E, Jones R, Delanie-Smith R, Roozitalab R, Tyler EJ, Thomas M, Boot G, Mackerodt J, Lockley M, Knight MM, Balkwill FR and Pearce OMT (2021). A human multi-cellular model shows how platelets drive production of diseased extracellular matrix and tissue invasion. Elsevier  Iscience  vol. 24, (6) 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102676
Delaine-Smith RM, Maniati E, Malacrida B, Nichols S, Roozitalab R, Jones RR, Lecker LSM, Pearce OMT, Knight MM and Balkwill FR (2021). Modelling TGFβR and Hh pathway regulation of prognostic matrisome molecules in ovarian cancer. Elsevier  Iscience  vol. 24, (6) 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102674
Thompson C, Mcfie M, Chapple J, BEALES P and Knight M (2021). Polycystin-2 is required for chondrocyte mechanotransduction and traffics to the primary cilium in response to mechanical stimulation. Mdpi Ag  International Journal of Molecular Sciences  10.3390/ijms22094313
Wu H, Wang Z, Liu S, Meng H, Shelton JC, Thompson CL, Fu S and Knight MM (2021). Sub-toxic levels of cobalt ions impair mechanostranduction via HDAC6-depedent primary cilia shortening. Biochem Biophys Res Commun  10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.157
Thompson CL, Fu S, Heywood HK, Knight MM and Thorpe SD (2021). Corrigendum: Mechanical Stimulation: A Crucial Element of Organ-on-Chip Models. Frontiers  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology  vol. 9, 10.3389/fbioe.2021.658873
Delaine-Smith R, Maniati E, Malacrida B, Nichols S, Roozitalab R, Jones R, Lecker L, Pearce O, Knight M and Balkwill F (2021). Modelling TGFβR and Hh pathway regulation of prognostic matrisome molecules in ovarian cancer., Editors: Balkwill F. Biorxiv.Org  10.1101/2021.02.01.428374
Fu S, Meng H, Inamdar S, Das B, Gupta H, Wang W, Thompson C and Knight M (2021). Activation of TRPV4 by mechanical, osmotic or pharmaceutical stimulation is anti-inflammatory blocking IL-1β mediated articular cartilage matrix destruction., Editors: Block JA. Elsevier  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  10.1016/j.joca.2020.08.002

2020

Thompson CL, Fu S, Heywood HK, Knight MM and Thorpe SD (2020). Mechanical Stimulation: A Crucial Element of Organ-on-Chip Models. Frontiers Media Sa  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology  vol. 8, 10.3389/fbioe.2020.602646
Zhang J, Guo Q, Li X, Li C, Wu K, Abrahams I, Yan H, Knight MM, Humphreys CJ and Su L (2020). Solution-Processed Epitaxial Growth of Arbitrary Surface Nanopatterns on Hybrid Perovskite Monocrystalline Thin Films. Acs Nano  vol. 14, (9) 11029-11039. 10.1021/acsnano.9b08553
Torres-Pérez JV, Naeem H, Thompson CL, Knight MM and Novak P (2020). Nanoscale mapping reveals functional differences in ion channels populating the membrane of primary cilia. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry  vol. 54, (1) 15-26. 10.33594/000000202

2019

Fu S, Meng H, Freer F, Kwon J, Shelton JC and Knight MM (2019). Sub-toxic levels of Co2+ are anti-inflammatory and protect cartilage from degradation caused by IL-1β. Elsevier  Clinical Biomechanics  vol. 79, 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.12.006
Walker RV, Keynton JL, Grimes DT, Sreekumar V, Williams DJ, Esapa C, Wu D, Knight MM and Norris DP (2019). Ciliary exclusion of Polycystin-2 promotes kidney cystogenesis in an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease model. Springer Nature  Nature Communications  vol. 10, (1) 10.1038/s41467-019-12067-y
Inamdar SR, Barbieri E, Terrill NJ, Knight MM and Gupta HS (2019). Proteoglycan degradation mimics static compression by altering the natural gradients in fibrillar organisation in cartilage. Elsevier  Acta Biomaterialia  vol. 97, 437-450. 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.055
Delaine-Smith R, Wright N, Hanley C, Hanwell R, Bhome R, Bullock M, Drifka C, Eliceiri K, Thomas G, Knight M, Mirnezami A and Peake N (2019). Transglutaminase-2 Mediates the Biomechanical Properties of the Colorectal Cancer Tissue Microenvironment that Contribute to Disease Progression. Mdpi Ag  Cancers  10.3390/cancers11050701
Fu S, Thompson CL, Ali A, Wang W, Chapple JP, Mitchison HM, Beales PL, Wann AKT and Knight MM (2019). Mechanical loading inhibits cartilage inflammatory signalling via an HDAC6 and IFT-dependent mechanism regulating primary cilia elongation. Elsevier  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  vol. 27, (7) 1064-1074. 10.1016/j.joca.2019.03.003
Harris C, THORPE SD, Rushwan S, Wang W, THOMPSON C, Peacock J, KNIGHT M, Gooptu B and Greenough A (2019). An in vitro investigation of the inflammatory response to the strain amplitudes which occur during high frequency oscillation ventilation and conventional mechanical ventilation. Elsevier  Journal of Biomechanics  10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.03.024
O’Toole SM, Watson DS, Novoselova TV, Romano LEL, King PJ, Bradshaw TY, Thompson CL, Knight MM, Sharp TV, Barnes MR, Srirangalingam U, Drake WM and Chapple JP (2019). Oncometabolite induced primary cilia loss in pheochromocytoma. Endocrine-Related Cancer  vol. 26, (1) 165-180. 10.1530/ERC-18-0134

2018

Rowson DT, Shelton JC, Screen HRC and Knight MM (2018). Mechanical loading induces primary cilia disassembly in tendon cells via TGFβ and HDAC6. Springer Nature  Scientific Reports  vol. 8, (1) 10.1038/s41598-018-29502-7
Xu J, Nyga A, Li W, Zhang X, Gavara N, Knight MM and Shelton JC (2018). Cobalt ions stimulate a fibrotic response through matrix remodelling, fibroblast contraction and release of pro-fibrotic signals from macrophages. European Cells and Materials  vol. 36, 142-155. 10.22203/eCM.v036a11
Kenny FN, Drymoussi Z, Delaine-Smith R, Kao AP, Laly AC, Knight MM, Philpott MP and Connelly JT (2018). Tissue stiffening promotes keratinocyte proliferation through activation of epidermal growth factor signaling. Journal of Cell Science  vol. 131, (10) 215780-215780. 10.1242/jcs.215780
Xu J, Yang J, Nyga A, Ehteramyan M, Moraga A, Wu Y, Zeng L, Knight MM and Shelton JC (2018). Cobalt (II) ions and nanoparticles induce macrophage retention by ROS-mediated down-regulation of RhoA expression. Acta Biomater  vol. 72, 434-446. 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.054

2017

Pearce OMT, Delaine-Smith R, Maniati E, Nichols S, Wang J, Böhm S, Rajeeve V, Ullah D, Chakravarty P, Jones RR, Montfort A, Dowe T, Gribben J, Jones JL, Kocher HM, Serody JS, Vincent BG, Connelly J, Brenton JD, Chelala C, Cutillas PR, Lockley M, Bessant C, Knight M and Balkwill FR (2017). Deconstruction of a metastatic tumor microenvironment reveals a common matrix response in human cancers. Cancer Discov  10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-0284
Thompson CL, Plant JC, Wann AK, Bishop CL, Novak P, Mitchison HM, Beales PL, Chapple JP and Knight MM (2017). Chondrocyte expansion is associated with loss of primary cilia and disrupted hedgehog signalling. Eur Cell Mater  vol. 34, 128-141. 10.22203/eCM.v034a09
Inamdar SR, Knight DP, Terrill NJ, Karunaratne A, Cacho-Nerin F, Knight MM and Gupta HS (2017). The Secret Life of Collagen: Temporal Changes in Nanoscale Fibrillar Pre-Strain and Molecular Organization During Physiological Loading of Cartilage. Acs Nano  10.1021/acsnano.7b00563
Zhang J, Dalbay MT, Luo X, Vrij E, Barbieri D, Moroni L, de Bruijn JD, van Blitterswijk CA, Chapple JP, Knight MM and Yuan H (2017). Topography of calcium phosphate ceramics regulates primary cilia length and TGF receptor recruitment associated with osteogenesis. Acta Biomater  vol. 57, 487-497. 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.04.004
Gambassi S, Geminiani M, Thorpe SD, Bernardini G, Millucci L, Braconi D, Orlandini M, Thompson CL, Petricci E, Manetti F, Taddei M, Knight MM and Santucci A (2017). Smoothened‐antagonists reverse homogentisic acid‐induced alterations of Hedgehog signaling and primary cilium length in alkaptonuria. Wiley  Journal of Cellular Physiology  vol. 232, (11) 3103-3111. 10.1002/jcp.25761
THORPE SD, Gambassi S, Thompson CL, Chandrakumar C, Santucci A and Knight MM (2017). Reduced Primary Cilia Length and Altered Arl13b Expression Are Associated with Deregulated Chondrocyte Hedgehog Signalling in Alkaptonuria. John Wiley & Sons Inc.  Journal of Cellular Physiology  10.1002/jcp.25839

2016

Delaine-Smith RM, Burney S, Balkwill FR and Knight MM (2016). Experimental validation of a flat punch indentation methodology calibrated against unconfined compression tests for determination of soft tissue biomechanics. Elsevier  Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials  vol. 60, 401-415. 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.02.019
Sliogeryte K, Botto L, Lee DA and Knight MM (2016). Chondrocyte dedifferentiation increases cell stiffness by strengthening membrane-actin adhesion. Elsevier  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  vol. 24, (5) 912-920. 10.1016/j.joca.2015.12.007
Rowson D, Knight MM and Screen HRC (2016). Zonal variation in primary cilia elongation correlates with localized biomechanical degradation in stress deprived tendon. J Orthop Res  vol. 34, (12) 2146-2153. 10.1002/jor.23229
KNIGHT MM, wang W, wang Z, wann A, thompson C and hassen A (2016). IFT88 influences chondrocyte actin organization and biomechanics. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  10.1016/j.joca.2015.10.003
Thompson CL, Wiles A, Poole CA and Knight MM (2016). Lithium chloride modulates chondrocyte primary cilia and inhibits Hedgehog signaling. Faseb Journal  vol. 30, (2) 716-726. 10.1096/fj.15-274944
Sliogeryte K, Thorpe SD, Wang Z, Thompson CL, Gavara N and Knight MM (2016). Differential effects of LifeAct-GFP and actin-GFP on cell mechanics assessed using micropipette aspiration. Elsevier  Journal of Biomechanics  vol. 49, (2) 310-317. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.12.034
Knight M, Buchholz N and Bourdoumis A (2016). Physiology of urethral flow. Handbook of Urinary Stents: Basic Science and Clinical Applications  Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing  10.5005/jp/books/12884_30

2015

Thompson CL, Patel R, Kelly T-AN, Wann AKT, Hung CT, Chapple JP and Knight MM (2015). Hedgehog signalling does not stimulate cartilage catabolism and is inhibited by Interleukin-1β. Arthritis Research & Therapy  vol. 17, (1) 10.1186/s13075-015-0891-z
Tan AR, VandenBerg CD, Attur M, Abramson SB, Knight MM, Bulinski JC, Ateshian GA, Cook JL and Hung CT (2015). Cytokine preconditioning of engineered cartilage provides protection against interleukin-1 insult. Arthritis Res Ther  vol. 17, 361-361. 10.1186/s13075-015-0876-y
Thompson CL, Poole CA and Knight MM (2015). Lithium chloride modulates chondrocyte primary cilia and inhibits Hedgehog signaling. Federation of American Society of Experimental Biology  The Faseb Journal  vol. 100, (4) A39-A40. 10.1096/fj.15-274944
KNIGHT MM, Thompson CL, Yasmin H, Varone A, Wiles A and Poole CA (2015). Lithium chloride prevents interleukin- 1β induced cartilage degradation and loss of mechanical properties. Wiley: 12 Months  Journal of Orthopaedic Research  10.1002/jor.22913
CHEN J, BADER DL, LEE DA and KNIGHT MM (2015). FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL DEFORMATION OF CHONDROCYTE TO 2D SUBSTRATE AND 3D SCAFFOLD. World Scientific Publishing  Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology  vol. 15, (05) 10.1142/s0219519415500773
Dalbay MT, Thorpe SD, Connelly JT, Chapple JP and Knight MM (2015). Adipogenic Differentiation of hMSCs is Mediated by Recruitment of IGF‐1r Onto the Primary Cilium Associated With Cilia Elongation. Oxford University Press (Oup)  Stem Cells  vol. 33, (6) 1952-1961. 10.1002/stem.1975

2014

Sliogeryte K, Thorpe SD, Lee DA, Botto L and Knight MM (2014). Stem cell differentiation increases membrane-actin adhesion regulating cell blebability, migration and mechanics. Springer Nature  Scientific Reports  vol. 4, (1) 10.1038/srep07307
Wang Z, Irianto J, Kazun S, Wang W and Knight MM (2014). The rate of hypo-osmotic challenge influences regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and mechanical properties of articular chondrocytes. Elsevier  Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  vol. 23, (2) 289-299. 10.1016/j.joca.2014.11.003
Rowson D, Knight M and Screen H (2014). 89 Primary Cilia In Tenocytes From The Inter-fascicular Matrix And The Fascicular Matrix. Bmj  British Journal of Sports Medicine  vol. 48, (Suppl 2) a58-a59. 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094114.88
Wann AKT, Chapple JP and Knight MM (2014). The primary cilium influences interleukin-1β-induced NFκB signalling by regulating IKK activity. Cell Signal  vol. 26, (8) 1735-1742. 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.04.004
Irianto J, Lee DA and Knight MM (2014). Quantification of chromatin condensation level by image processing. Med Eng Phys  vol. 36, (3) 412-417. 10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.09.006
Thompson CL, Chapple JP and Knight MM (2014). Primary cilia disassembly down-regulates mechanosensitive hedgehog signalling: a feedback mechanism controlling ADAMTS-5 expression in chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage  vol. 22, (3) 490-498. 10.1016/j.joca.2013.12.016
Irianto J, Ramaswamy G, Serra R and Knight MM (2014). Depletion of chondrocyte primary cilia reduces the compressive modulus of articular cartilage. J Biomech  vol. 47, (2) 579-582. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.040
Shaheen T, Edirisinghe T, Gabriel M, Bourdoumis A, Buchholz N and Knight M (2014). In vitro encrustation of a semi-permanent polymer-covered nitinol ureter stent: an artificial urine model. Urolithiasis  vol. 42, (3) 203-207. 10.1007/s00240-014-0652-5

2013

Hosny NA, Song M, Connelly JT, Ameer-Beg S, Knight MM and Wheeler AP (2013). Correction: Super-Resolution Imaging Strategies for Cell Biologists Using a Spinning Disk Microscope. Public Library of Science (Plos)  Plos One  vol. 8, (12) 10.1371/annotation/d96769fb-4e7d-4f47-98cf-443447c1471e
McMurray RJ, Wann AKT, Thompson CL, Connelly JT and Knight MM (2013). Surface topography regulates wnt signaling through control of primary cilia structure in mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep  vol. 3, 10.1038/srep03545
Wann AK, Thompson CL, Chapple JP and Knight MM (2013). Interleukin-1β sequesters hypoxia inducible factor 2α to the primary cilium. Cilia  vol. 2, (1) 10.1186/2046-2530-2-17
Shafat M, Rajakumar K, Syme H, Buchholz N and Knight MM (2013). Stent encrustation in feline and human artificial urine: does the low molecular weight composition account for the difference? Urolithiasis  vol. 41, (6) 481-486. 10.1007/s00240-013-0608-1
Irianto J, Swift J, Martins RP, McPhail GD, Knight MM, Discher DE and Lee DA (2013). Osmotic challenge drives rapid and reversible chromatin condensation in chondrocytes. Biophys J  vol. 104, (4) 759-769. 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.01.006
Hosny NA, Song M, Connelly JT, Ameer-Beg S, Knight MM and Wheeler AP (2013). Super-resolution imaging strategies for cell biologists using a spinning disk microscope. Plos One  vol. 8, (10) 10.1371/journal.pone.0074604
Hernandez-Hernandez V, Pravincumar P, Diaz-Font A, May-Simera H, Jenkins D, Knight M and Beales PL (2013). Bardet-Biedl syndrome proteins control the cilia length through regulation of actin polymerization. Human Molecular Genetics  vol. 22, (19) 3858-3868. 10.1093/hmg/ddt241
Hosny NA, Song M, Knight MM and Wheeler AP (2013). Super-resolution imaging strategies for Cell Biologists using a spinning disk microscope. Molecular Biology of The Cell  vol. 24,

2012

Prodromou NV, Thompson CL, Osborn DPS, Cogger KF, Ashworth R, Knight MM, Beales PL and Chapple JP (2012). Heat shock induces rapid resorption of primary cilia. The Company of Biologists  Development  vol. 139, (24) e2408-e2408. 10.1242/dev.091405
Prodromou NV, Thompson CL, Osborn DPS, Cogger KF, Ashworth R, Knight MM, Beales PL and Chapple JP (2012). Heat shock induces rapid resorption of primary cilia. Journal of Cell Science  vol. 125, (18) 4297-4305. 10.1242/jcs.100545
Thompson C, Prodromou N, Osborn D, Ashworth R, Knight M, Beales P and Chapple J (2012). Heat-shock induces rapid resorption of primary cilia. Springer Nature  Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p52
Thompson C, Chapple J and Knight M (2012). Mechanical strain disrupts primary cilia structure and modulates hedgehog signalling in adult chondrocytes. Springer Nature  Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p53
McMurray R and Knight M (2012). Topographical regulation of primary cilia orientation and length in mesenchymal stem cells. Springer Nature  Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p34
Wann A and Knight M (2012). A role for IFT88/the primary cilium in the inflammatory response to interleukin-1. Springer Nature  Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p60
Hernandez V, Pravincumar P, Diaz-Font A, May-Simera H, Jenkins D, Knight M and Beales P (2012). Bardet-Biedl syndrome proteins control cilia length through regulation of actin polymerisation. Springer Nature  Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p88
Wann A, Zuo N, Haycraft C, Jensen C, Poole C, McGlashan S and Knight M (2012). The primary cilium conducts chondrocyte mechanotransduction. Springer Nature  Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) 10.1186/2046-2530-1-s1-p59
Wheeler APS, Morad S, Buchholz N and Knight MM (2012). The Shape of the Urine Stream - From Biophysics to Diagnostics. Plos One  vol. 7, (10) 10.1371/journal.pone.0047133
Chen J, Irianto J, Inamdar S, Pravincumar P, Lee DA, Bader DL and Knight MM (2012). Cell mechanics, structure, and function are regulated by the stiffness of the three-dimensional microenvironment. Biophys J  vol. 103, (6) 1188-1197. 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.07.054
Pravincumar P, Bader DL and Knight MM (2012). Viscoelastic Cell Mechanics and Actin Remodelling Are Dependent on the Rate of Applied Pressure. Plos One  vol. 7, (9) 10.1371/journal.pone.0043938
Wann AKT and Knight MM (2012). Primary cilia elongation in response to interleukin-1 mediates the inflammatory response. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences  vol. 69, (17) 2967-2977. 10.1007/s00018-012-0980-y
Bonzani IC, Campbell JJ, Knight MM, Williams A, Lee DA, Bader DL and Stevens MM (2012). Dynamic compressive strain influences chondrogenic gene expression in human periosteal cells: a case study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater  vol. 11, 72-81. 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.06.015
Pravincumar P, Bader D and Knight M (2012). PRESSURE RATE SENSITIVE VISCOELASTIC CELL DEFORMATION INVOLVES ACTIN REMODELLING. Elsevier  Journal of Biomechanics  vol. 45, 10.1016/s0021-9290(12)70424-4
Wann AKT, Zuo N, Haycraft CJ, Jensen CG, Poole CA, McGlashan SR and Knight MM (2012). Primary cilia mediate mechanotransduction through control of ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling in compressed chondrocytes. Faseb Journal  vol. 26, (4) 1663-1671. 10.1096/fj.11-193649
Maeda E, Ye S, Wang W, Bader DL, Knight MM and Lee DA (2012). Gap junction permeability between tenocytes within tendon fascicles is suppressed by tensile loading. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology  vol. 11, (3-4) 439-447. 10.1007/s10237-011-0323-1
Gladman SJ, Huang W, Lim S-N, Dyall SC, Boddy S, Kang JX, Knight MM, Priestley JV and Michael-Titus AT (2012). Improved outcome after peripheral nerve injury in mice with increased levels of endogenous ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Neurosci  vol. 32, (2) 563-571. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3371-11.2012
Hosny NA, Lee DA and Knight MM (2012). Single photon counting fluorescence lifetime detection of pericellular oxygen concentrations. J Biomed Opt  vol. 17, (1) 10.1117/1.JBO.17.1.016007
Wann AKT, Thompson C and Knight MM (2012). The Role of the Primary Cilium in Chondrocyte Response to Mechanical Loading. Mechanically Gated Channels and Their Regulation  Springer Nature  10.1007/978-94-007-5073-9_15
McMurray R and Knight MM (2012). Topographical regulation of primary cilia orientation and length in mesenchymal stem cells. Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) P34-P34.
Thompson CL, Prodromou NV, Osborn DP, Ashworth R, Knight MM, Beales PL and Chapple JP (2012). Heat-shock induces rapid resorption of primary cilia. Cilia  vol. 1, (Suppl 1) P52-P52.

2011

Gladman S, Lim S-N, Dyall S, Knight MM, Priestley JV and Michael-Titus AT (2011). Omega-3 fatty acids and acute neurological trauma: a perspective on clinical translation*. Edp Sciences  OléAgineux Corps Gras Lipides  vol. 18, (6) 317-323. 10.1051/ocl.2011.0421
Gabriel CEL, Nedilko T, Paulose PA, Bach C, Buchholz N and Knight MM (2011). E84 Can Shockwave lithotripsy remove encrustation from ureteric nitinol stents? Elsevier  European Urology Open Science  vol. 10, (7) 10.1016/s1569-9056(11)61205-0
Edirisinghe TY, Knight MM, Buchholz N and Bach C (2011). E70 The influence of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on tissue viability around metallic ureteral stents. Elsevier  European Urology Open Science  vol. 10, (7) 10.1016/s1569-9056(11)61191-3
Shafat M, Nedilko T, Syme H, Buchholz N and Knight MM (2011). E189 Does the composition of feline urine prevent calcium oxalate encrustation of urethral stents? Elsevier  European Urology Open Science  vol. 10, (7) 517-518. 10.1016/s1569-9056(11)61304-3
Nedilko T, Paulose PA, Buchholz N and Knight MM (2011). E75 Comparison of encrustation rates between ureteric metal stents and Double J stents. Elsevier  European Urology Open Science  vol. 10, (7) 10.1016/s1569-9056(11)61196-2
Maeda E, Ye S, Wang W, Bader DL, Knight MM and Lee DA (2011). Gap junction permeability between tenocytes within tendon fascicles is suppressed by tensile loading. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology  1-9. 10.1007/s10237-011-0323-1
Lee DA, Knight MM, Campbell JJ and Bader DL (2011). Stem cell mechanobiology. J Cell Biochem  vol. 112, (1) 1-9. 10.1002/jcb.22758

2010

Gladman SJ, Ward RE, Michael-Titus AT, Knight MM and Priestley JV (2010). The effect of mechanical strain or hypoxia on cell death in subpopulations of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro. Neuroscience  vol. 171, (2) 577-587. 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.07.009
Vaughan NM, Grainger J, Bader DL and Knight MM (2010). The potential of pulsed low intensity ultrasound to stimulate chondrocytes matrix synthesis in agarose and monolayer cultures. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing  vol. 48, (12) 1215-1222. 10.1007/s11517-010-0681-3
Heywood HK, Knight MM and Lee DA (2010). Both superficial and deep zone articular chondrocyte subpopulations exhibit the crabtree effect but have different basal oxygen consumption rates. Journal of Cellular Physiology  vol. 223, (3) 630-639. 10.1002/jcp.22061
Garcia M and Knight MM (2010). Cyclic loading opens hemichannels to release ATP as part of a chondrocyte mechanotransduction pathway. Journal of Orthopaedic Research  vol. 28, (4) 510-515. 10.1002/jor.21025
Ye S, Maeda E, Knight M, Lee D, Bader D and Wang W (2010). A compartment model to evaluate the permeability of gap junctions between tenocytes in tendon fascicles. Faseb Journal  vol. 24, 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.975.9
Bader DL and Knight MM (2010). Measuring the biomechanical properties of cartilage cells. 10.1533/9781845697792.1.106
McGlashan SR, Knight MM, Chowdhury TT, Joshi P, Jensen CG, Kennedy S and Poole CA (2010). Mechanical loading modulates chondrocyte primary cilia incidence and length. Cell Biology International  vol. 34, (5) 441-446. 10.1042/CBI20090094
Archer C, Ralphs J, Säämänen A-M, Arokoski JPA, Jurvelin JS, Kiviranta I, Hinz B, Hunziker EB, Bader DL, Knight MM, Dell’accio F, Vincent TL, Aigner T, Schmitz N, Söder S, McIlwraith CW, Hangody L, Kish G, Koreny T, Hangody LR, Módis L, Brittberg M, Sato M, Andriamanalijaona R, Li H, Elisseeff JH, Trice ME, Benjamin M, Kjær M and Magnusson SP (2010). Contributor contact details. Regenerative Medicine and Biomaterials For The Repair of Connective Tissues  Elsevier  10.1016/b978-1-84569-417-3.50022-6
Bader DL and Knight MM (2010). 4 Measuring the biomechanical properties of cartilage cells. Regenerative Medicine and Biomaterials For The Repair of Connective Tissues  Elsevier  10.1533/9781845697792.1.106
Maeda E, Ye S, Knight M, Wang W, Bader D and Lee D (2010). 1P338 1J1450 Mechano-regulation of gap junction communications between tenocytes within isolated fascicles(Bioengineering,Oral Presentations,The 48th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan). Biophysical Society of Japan  Seibutsu Butsuri  vol. 50, (supplement2) 10.2142/biophys.50.s79_4
Wann AKT, Mistry J, Blain EJ, Michael-Titus AT and Knight MM (2010). Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid reduce interleukin-1β-mediated cartilage degradation. Arthritis Res Ther  vol. 12, (6) 10.1186/ar3183

2009

Knight MM, Mcglashan SR, Garcia M, Jensen CG and Poole CA (2009). Articular chondrocytes express connexin 43 hemichannels and P2 receptors - A putative mechanoreceptor complex involving the primary cilium? Journal of Anatomy  vol. 214, (2) 275-283. 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01021.x

2008

Bader DL and Knight MM (2008). Biomechanical analysis of structural deformation in living cells. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing  vol. 46, (10) 951-963. 10.1007/s11517-008-0381-4
Pingguan-Murphy B and Knight MM (2008). Mechanosensitive Purinergic Calcium Signalling in Articular Chondrocytes. Mechanosensitive Ion Channels  Springer Nature  10.1007/978-1-4020-6426-5_10

2007

Campbell JJ, Blain EJ, Chowdhury TT and Knight MM (2007). Loading alters actin dynamics and up-regulates cofilin gene expression in chondrocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications  vol. 361, (2) 329-334. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.185
KNIGHT MM, Chowdhury TT, Campbell JJ and Blain EJ (2007). Loading alters actin dynamics and up-regulates cofilin gene expression in chondrocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications  vol. 361, (21) 329-334. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.185
Campbell JJ and Knight MM (2007). An improved confocal FRAP technique for the measurement of long-term actin dynamics in individual stress fibers. Microscopy Research and Technique  vol. 70, (12) 1034-1040. 10.1002/jemt.20513

2006

Chowdhury TT and Knight MM (2006). Purinergic pathway suppresses the release of NO and stimulates proteoglycan synthesis in chondrocyte/agarose constructs subjected to dynamic compression. Journal of Cellular Physiology  vol. 209, (3) 845-853. 10.1002/jcp.20768
Pingguan-Murphy B, El-Azzeh M, Bader DL and Knight MM (2006). Cyclic compression of chondrocytes modulates a purinergic calcium signalling pathway in a strain rate- and frequency-dependent manner. Journal of Cellular Physiology  vol. 209, (2) 389-397. 10.1002/jcp.20747
Hakimi O, Knight DP, Knight MM, Grahn MF and Vadgama P (2006). Ultrastructure of insect and spider cocoon silks. Biomacromolecules  vol. 7, (10) 2901-2908. 10.1021/bm060528h
Bomzon Z, Knight MM, Bader DL and Kimmel E (2006). Mitochondrial dynamics in chondrocytes and their connection to the mechanical properties of the cytoplasm. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering  vol. 128, (5) 674-679. 10.1115/1.2246239
Ohashi T, Hagiwara M, Bader DL and Knight MM (2006). Intracellular mechanics and mechanotransduction associated with chondrocyte deformation during pipette aspiration. Biorheology  vol. 43, (3-4) 201-214.
Knight MM, Bomzon Z, Kimmel E, Sharma AM, Lee DA and Bader DL (2006). Chondrocyte deformation induces mitochondrial distortion and heterogeneous intracellular strain fields. Biomech Model Mechan  vol. 5, (2-3) 180-191. 10.1007/s10237-006-0020-7
Knight MM, Toyoda T, Lee DA and Bader DL (2006). Mechanical compression and hydrostatic pressure induce reversible changes in actin cytoskeletal organisation in chondrocytes in agarose. J Biomech  vol. 39, (8) 1547-1551. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.04.006
Bader DL, Lee DA and Knight MM (2006). Chondrocyte Deformation and Mechanotransduction in Cartilage Model Systems(International Workshop 2). Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  The Proceedings of The Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of Bed/Jsme  vol. 2005.18, 2-3. 10.1299/jsmebio.2005.18.2
Bomzon Z, Knight MM, Bader DL and Kimmel E (2006). Probing mechanical heterogeneity in chondrocytes using passive microtheology. Elsevier  Journal of Biomechanics  vol. 39, 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83854-6

2005

Pingguan-Murphy B, Lee DA, Bader DL and Knight MM (2005). Activation of chondrocytes calcium signalling by dynamic compression is independent of number of cycles. Arch Biochem Biophys  vol. 444, (1) 45-51. 10.1016/j.abb.2005.09.015

2004

Sawae Y, Shelton JC, Bader DL and Knight MM (2004). Confocal analysis of local and cellular strains in chondrocyte-agarose constructs subjected to mechanical shear. Ann Biomed Eng  vol. 32, (6) 860-870. 10.1023/b:abme.0000030261.38396.c0
Lee DA and Knight MM (2004). Mechanical loading of chondrocytes embedded in 3D constructs: in vitro methods for assessment of morphological and metabolic response to compressive strain. Methods Mol Med  vol. 100, 307-324. 10.1385/1-59259-810-2:307
Holloway I, Kayser M, Lee DA, Bader DL, Bentley G and Knight MM (2004). Increased presence of cells with multiple elongated processes in osteoarthritic femoral head cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage  vol. 12, (1) 17-24. 10.1016/j.joca.2003.09.001
Lee DA and Knight MM (2004). Mechanical Loading of Chondrocytes Embedded in 3D Constructs. Cartilage and Osteoarthritis  Springer Nature  10.1385/1-59259-810-2:307

2003

Knight MM, Roberts SR, Lee DA and Bader DL (2003). Live cell imaging using confocal microscopy induces intracellular calcium transients and cell death. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol  vol. 284, (4) C1083-C1089. 10.1152/ajpcell.00276.2002
Bader DL, SHELTON JC, Knight MM and Sawae Y (2003). Confocal Analysis of Local and Cellular Strains in Chondrocyte - Agarose Constructs Subjected to Shear. J Biochemical Engineering Asme  10.1023/B:ABME.0000030261.38396.c0

2002

Knight MM, van de Breevaart Bravenboer J, Lee DA, van Osch GJVM, Weinans H and Bader DL (2002). Cell and nucleus deformation in compressed chondrocyte-alginate constructs: temporal changes and calculation of cell modulus. Biochim Biophys Acta  vol. 1570, (1) 1-8. 10.1016/s0304-4165(02)00144-7

2001

Knight MM, Ross JM, Sherwin AF, Lee DA, Bader DL and Poole CA (2001). Chondrocyte deformation within mechanically and enzymatically extracted chondrons compressed in agarose. Biochim Biophys Acta  vol. 1526, (2) 141-146. 10.1016/s0304-4165(01)00118-0
Knight MM, Idowu BD, Lee DA and Bader DL (2001). Temporal changes in cytoskeletal organisation within isolated chondrocytes quantified using a novel image analysis technique. Med Biol Eng Comput  vol. 39, (3) 397-404. 10.1007/BF02345297
Roberts SR, Knight MM, Lee DA and Bader DL (2001). Mechanical compression influences intracellular Ca2+ signaling in chondrocytes seeded in agarose constructs. J Appl Physiol (1985)  vol. 90, (4) 1385-1391. 10.1152/jappl.2001.90.4.1385
Bouten CV, Knight MM, Lee DA and Bade DL (2001). Compressive deformation and damage of muscle cell subpopulations in a model system. Ann Biomed Eng  vol. 29, (2) 153-163. 10.1114/1.1349698

2000

Idowu BD, Knight MM, Bader DL and Lee DA (2000). Confocal analysis of cytoskeletal organisation within isolated chondrocyte sub-populations cultured in agarose. Histochem J  vol. 32, (3) 165-174. 10.1023/a:1004095207330
Knight DP, KNIGHT MM and Vollrath F (2000). Beta transition and stress-induced phase separation in the spinning of spider dragline silk. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules  vol. 27, (3) 205-210. 10.1016/s0141-8130(00)00124-0
Lee DA, Knight MM, Bolton JF, Idowu BD, Kayser MV and Bader DL (2000). Chondrocyte deformation within compressed agarose constructs at the cellular and sub-cellular levels. J Biomech  vol. 33, (1) 81-95. 10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00160-8

1998

Hing K and Knight M (1998). Prize-winning peeks at the microscopic world.
Lee DA, Noguchi T, Knight MM, O'Donnell L, Bentley G and Bader DL (1998). Response of chondrocyte subpopulations cultured within unloaded and loaded agarose. J Orthop Res  vol. 16, (6) 726-733. 10.1002/jor.1100160615
Knight MM, Lee DA and Bader DL (1998). The influence of elaborated pericellular matrix on the deformation of isolated articular chondrocytes cultured in agarose. Biochim Biophys Acta  vol. 1405, (1-3) 67-77. 10.1016/s0167-4889(98)00102-5
Knight MM, Ghori SA, Lee DA and Bader DL (1998). Measurement of the deformation of isolated chondrocytes in agarose subjected to cyclic compression. Med Eng Phys  vol. 20, (9) 684-688. 10.1016/s1350-4533(98)00080-0

Grants

Grants of specific relevance to Predictive in vitro Models
Biomedical Research Centre - Organ-on-a-chip and biomaterials infrastructure (Precision Musculoskeletal Care theme)
Knight MM
£435,112 National institute for Health Research (NIHR) (01-12-2022 - 30-12-2027)
SurfEx: Epithelial Exchange Surfaces - From organizing principles to novel culture models of the gatekeepers of the body
Knight M
£260,676 UK Research and Innovation (01-12-2023 - 30-11-2027)
Summary
MSCA Doctoral Network: Epithelial Exchange Surfaces – From organizing principles to ex vivo disease models
Knight MM
£220,820 EU Commission - Horizon Europe (01-08-2023 - 31-07-2027)
PhD Studentship: Development of a human growth plate organ-chip
Knight MM
£78,000 Queen Mary, University of London (19-09-2022 - 18-09-2025)
PhD Studentship: Development of an arterial organ-chip to study the role of primary cilia in atherosclerosis
Knight MM and Screen H
China Scholarship Council (06-09-2021 - 08-09-2025)
Summary
Human synovium-cartilage organ-chip for personalised surgical screening - Foundation Fellowship (Tim Hopkins)
Knight MM and Hopkins T
£311,203 Versus Arthritis (01-04-2022 - 31-03-2025)
Summary
Development of an Organ-chip Model to examine Muscle Degeneration
Knight MM, Connelly JT, Screen H and Fazal MR
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (30-09-2021 - 30-03-2025)
Summary
Development of an organ-chip to study regulation of primary cilia mechanobiology as novel treatment of Polycystic Kidney Disease
Knight M and Cutting B
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (30-09-2021 - 30-03-2025)
Summary
PhD Studentship: Development of an organ-chip to study regulation of primary cilia mechanobiology as novel treatment of Polycystic Kidney Disease
Knight MM and Bishop C
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (06-09-2021 - 03-03-2025)
Summary

Organ-on-a-chip model to investigate breast cancer bone metastases - full proposal
Knight M
Cancer Research UK (01-12-2020 - 30-06-2024)
Summary
Production of a human growth plate organ-chip model of skeletal development
Knight MM and Hopkins T
£199,987 National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (01-02-2023 - 31-01-2024)
Summary
Novel Models of Tendinopathy on a Chip
Screen HRC and Knight MM
ConaCyT (07-10-2019 - 06-01-2024)
Queen Mary+Emulate Organs-on-chips Centre
Screen HRC and Knight MM
£525,375 Emulate Inc and QMUL (20-09-2019 - 19-09-2023)
Summary
High-throughput Lattice Light Sheet Microscopy : Imaging Across Scales.
Draviam V, Brennan C, Darbari VC, Kadurin I, Knight M, Martin Duran J, McClelland S, Palacios I, Pickersgill R and Sharp T
£386,205 Medical Research Council (31-10-2022 - 29-08-2023)
Summary
MICA: Organ-on-a-chip models for safety testing of regenerative medicine products
Screen HRC, Knight MM and El Haj A
£504,557 Medical Research Council (24-08-2020 - 23-08-2023)
Summary
Organ-on-a-chip model of breast cancer bone metastases
Knight MM
£269,601 Cancer Research UK (04-01-2021 - 01-07-2023)
Summary
QM+Emulate Organs-on-Chips Centre Technician
Knight MM
£49,584 Emulate Inc. (05-04-2021 - 01-01-2023)
Summary
PhD Studentship: Investigation of synovium-cartilage pro-inflammatory cross talk and the role of primary cilia using organ-chip models
Screen HRC, Knight MM and Terrazas D
Conacyt Scholarship (16-09-2019 - 15-09-2022)
Drug repurposing for treatment of cilia-related pathologies
Knight MM and Bishop CL
£50,000 Queen Mary Innovations: Proof of Concept Grant (01-04-2021 - 28-02-2022)
Summary
QMUL EPSRC Core Equipment Bid
Wang W, Abrahams I, Knight M and Parini C
£124,999 Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (13-02-2020 - 11-08-2021)
Summary
Organ-on-a-chip Technologies
Screen HRC, Bull AMJ, Haj AJE, Knight MM, Carr AJ, Gunn JPG, Dalby MJ and Workman P
£479,338 Medical Research Council (31-07-2018 - 30-07-2021)
Summary
The mechanics of the collagen fibrillar network in ageing cartilage
Gupta HS and Knight MM
£369,874 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (30-09-2017 - 29-09-2020)
Summary
Mechanobiology of METAstatic and DORMant cancer cells in bone marrow lesions (META-DORM)
Knight MM and Verbruggen S
£137,844 European Research Council (Marie Skodowska-Curie Global Research Fellowship) (01-01-2018 - 30-08-2020)
Summary
Osteoarthritis may be treated as an environmental ciliopathy
Knight MM and Chapple JP
£365,598 Medical Research Council (01-09-2014 - 30-03-2020)
Summary
Mapping mechanotransduction mediated by primary cilia at nanoscale
Knight MM
£89,872 Wellcome Trust (01-03-2016 - 28-02-2018)
Targeting Tissue Stiffness to Treat Colorectal Cancer
Knight MM
£47,720 Bowel and Cancer Research (20-03-2014 - 20-12-2016)
Aberrant chondrocyte primary cilia structure and function drives cartilage degradation in response to IL-1
Knight M
Versus Arthritis (01-09-2012 - 31-08-2015)
Summary
The chondrocyte primary cilium - a purinergic mechanoreceptor?
Knight MM, Jensen CG, Mcglashan SR and Poole CA
£231,845 Wellcome Trust (02-02-2009 - 01-02-2013)
Summary
Platform Grant: Multiscale Mechanobiology for Tissue Engineering
Lee DA, Knight MM and Heywood H
£995,000 Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (30-04-2007 - 29-04-2012)