This project will develop a bioengineered bone-on-a-chip microfluidic in vitro model in partnership with the leading organ-on-a-chip company, Emulate Inc. The model will be engineered to provide physiological fluid shear stress mimicking the in vivo loading conditions. We will then use the model to investigate fundamental bone and stem cell biology and to test the hypothesis that pharmaceutical regulation of primary cilia length regulates mechanotransduction and TGFβ signalling leading to changes in osteogenesis and bone matrix deposition. The study will provide new insight into primary cilia structure-function relationships and the role of cilia in stem cell differentiation and bone biology.